Societal And Organizational Factors Within The Creation Of...

Both societal and organizational factors come into play in the creation of a police subculture. The hierarchy structures of law enforcement agencies vary. These variations determine the attitudes and behaviors of the officers working within these locations. Lower level police officers spend the majority of their time investigating crime and fretting over the pitfalls of current crime policy. Overtime, some officers may begin to view members of the public as untrustworthy or even potentially hostile. They begin to rely heavily on their fellow comrades for emotional and mental support, which establishes a strong sense of group solidarity. Changes in the composition of the rank and file of policing units has also contributed to the†¦show more content†¦Law enforcement’s drift towards militarization has its roots in the 1960s and the need to respond to the social unrest that swept the nation at the time (Bickel 2013). The development of Special Weapons And Tactics (SWAT) teams in reaction to the Watts riots in Los Angeles began a movement in policing that relied more and more on military tactics, training, and equipment (Bickel 2013). Additionally, stress training in police academies and its warrior-like orientation tends to create an â€Å"us versus them† mindset in rookie officers (Bickel 2013). This ingrained mindset has the potential of creating barriers between the police and the community. Post 9/11, an emphasis was placed upon building the necessary infrastructure for law enforcement agencies to combat potential terroristic threats in addition to domestic crimes (Walker 2013). What is most intriguing is the difference in weaponry when one compares police departments in the 2000s versus the 2010s. The baton and mace seemed to be the non-lethal tool of choice for officers prior to 9/11. After that tragic event, the standard non-lethal weapon of choice transformed into one that possessed an electric charge: the Taser. As of today, over twelve thousand police agencies have purchased Tasers. Hundreds of thousands of officers nationwide have been issued Tasers and trained on how to operate the device (Walker 2013). Tasers are also used by military police and specialized forces. WhenShow MoreRelatedTracing Theoretical Approaches to Crime and Social Control: from Functionalism to Postmodernism16559 Words   |  67 Pagesto see the many ironies that thread our lives together. I thank you for challenging me and for trusting in my academic potential. It is for your intuitive and intellectual nature that I must devote every word I have produced–not only within this thesis, but within the majority of my sociology degree–to you! Thank you, everyone! TABLE OF CONTENTS Dedication .......................................................................................................................... iv AcknowledgementsRead MoreSSD2 Module 1 Notes31223 Words   |  125 Pagesresponsibility of the command to classify SOPs-when in development and when approved-consistent with Army Regulation (AR) 380-5 and to ensure compliance with AR 380-10 for foreign disclosure. Every SOP must have the signature of the approving authority within your chain of command before it is a legal document. Normally, at the squad or platoon level, your commander or his designated representative will be the approving authority. You will prepare a draft SOP based on your review of the procedure(s), theRead MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 PagesEveryone’s Business 2. Interaction between the Leader, the Followers the Situation Cohen †¢ Effective Behavior in Organizations, Seventh Edition 11. Leadership: Exerting Influence and Power 94 94 Text Palmer−Dunford−Akin †¢ Managing Organizational Change 2. Images of Managing Change 121 121 147 147 Text 3. Why Organizations Change Text Cohen †¢ Effective Behavior in Organizations, Seventh Edition 14. Initiating Change 174 174 Text iii Cases 221 221 225 The ConsolidatedRead MoreRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 Pagesat the table of acceptability; and how, starting out as denigrated outcasts, they have over the last forty years of the twentieth century become the dominant force in the evolution of popular culture in Jamaica. In this book, I will analyze the factors responsible for the entrenchment of Rastafari in Jamaican society. My use of entrenchment3 is synonymous with routinization,4 a term used by Max Weber to signify the process by which an emergent charismatic movement institutionalizes itself andRead MoreMarketing Management130471 Words   |  522 PagesAssociation (AMA) defines marketing as â€Å"Marketing consists of those activities involved in the flow of goods and services from the point of production to the point of consumption. The AMA has since amended its definition to read as: â€Å"Marketing is an organizational function and a set of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its stakeholders. Hence it can be surmised that marketing is basicallyRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesOrganizational Behavior This page intentionally left blank Organizational Behavior EDITION 15 Stephen P. Robbins —San Diego State University Timothy A. Judge —University of Notre Dame i3iEi35Bj! Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo Editorial Director: Sally Yagan Director of Editorial Services:Read MoreLodging Inductry24737 Words   |  99 PagesMarketing Management: Demand management. Marketing management is the analysis, planning, implementation, and control of programs designed to create, build, and maintain beneficial exchanges with target buyers for the purpose of achieving organizational objectives. 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Systematic attempts to provide information about the amount of opiates or coca produced may employ high technology satellite mapping, ground surveys, agronomic characteristics or consumption figures. Political factors may also affect the process of preparing estimates. Experts have called the production estimate process one of making best guesses (1, chap. 1). Many experts think that the first stage, when plants are grown in the fields or consumable drugs areRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesmymanagementlab is an online assessment and preparation solution for courses in Principles of Management, Human Resources, Strategy, and Organizational Behavior that helps you actively study and prepare material for class. Chapter-by-chapter activiti es, including built-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. 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Gold and World History Glittering Motivation for...

Gold is one of the most valuable materials all around the world. This jewel has its own glittering appearance and shiny color which induce people to desire to possess it. That’s probably why Europeans in the middle age have explored new continents and invaded other civilizations to find this glittering material. Americans also had given much endeavor to mine that valuable jewel in the time of gold rush. Investigating these events, gold has immensely affected the world history; the Age of Exploration, invasions of Spaniards, and the development of California. To begin with, Gold was the most significant motivation of ‘the age of exploration’. ‘The age of exploration’ began in the early 15th century and it lasted until the 17th century. The†¦show more content†¦Christopher Columbus is a famous example of the explorers sent to investigate new route by Spain. Gold was also a main trigger of Spaniards’ invasions to ancient civilizations in South America. Most of all, Spain had no choice but conquering South America for gold. Like other Empires in Europe, Spanish monarchy wanted to gain a great amount of gold. However, the ruling families of Spain did not have enough power to compete with France or England for the trade route to the East. Thus, instead of using existing course, Spaniards had to investigate new lands and new trade route to bring more gold to their homeland. Secondly, Lots of Spaniards started off travels to South America as they were highly greedy for the bright stone. Since they considered gold as a chance to upgrade their social status and financial abilities, explorers traveled the present Central and South America to search gold. For example, Hernan Cortes started out an expedition to Central America in 1519 with financial support from the monarchy. He soon encountered with the Aztec Empire. Francisco Pizarro also reached South America, and he found the Empire of Inca. Spanish conquerors finally invaded and destroyed ancient empires to bring gold in ancient empires to Spain. The greed for the glittering material had thoroughly ruined glorious ancient civilizations. Cortes finally conquered the bright Aztec civilization. He exhaustively massacred the natives and then

Proposal “Violence Against Women” Free Essays

Shantel Jones Professor Sara Yu Eng. 121-111 15 April 2013 â€Å"Violence Against Women† The research proposal I am preparing is going to be addressing violence against women and the challenges they face when children are involved in the household. The aim of the research is to view how these challenges are overcome and give way to women rights and their political rights (nineteenth amendment). We will write a custom essay sample on Proposal â€Å"Violence Against Women† or any similar topic only for you Order Now In the early 1990’s over half a million American women were raped. In 1994 congress passed the Violence Against Women Act (VAWA), which forbids the state from interfering with women’s citizenship and political rights. Starting from domestic abuse to rape as a weapon of war, violence against women is a gross violation of their human rights. Global issues of violence against women not only does it frighten women’s health and their social and economic health, violence also hinders global efforts to reduce poverty. Violence against women falls in several different categories. Domestic violence occurs between man and women. Domestic violence is one of the main issues in most parental abduction cases. The article also talks about custody battles and how visitation should go when it comes to the children. Domestic violence has been defined in various ways in the legal, social science, and psychology fields. Within the legal field alone, the term carries a different meaning depending on whether state or federal law governs and whether a case arises in the criminal or civil sphere. According to Deborah Goelman under the Violence Against Women Act (VAWA), â€Å"domestic violence includes the following: [F]elony or misdemeanor crimes of violence committed by a current or former spouse of the victim, by a person with whom the victim shares a child in common, by a person who is cohabitating with or has cohabitated with the victim as a spouse, by a person similarly situated to a spouse of the victim under the domestic or family violence laws of the jurisdiction receiving grant monies, or by any other adult person against a victim who is protected from that person’s acts under the domestic or family violence laws of the jurisdiction receiving grant monies. † This topic is of interest to me because as a woman studying the laws on women’s right helps you to become more knowledgeable in society. If the world does not address the issue, it stands to suppress the enormous potential of women and girls. When they feel safe, when they are empowered, wome n and girls can be game-changers. What I hope to gain from this research project is different ways to deal with domestic violence if I was to ever come in contact with a violent individual. How to cite Proposal â€Å"Violence Against Women†, Papers

Applied Business Research

Questions: The following are the research objectives of the study: 1. To evaluate the existing strengths and weaknesses of Wild bean caf in the context of the food and beverage industry of New Zealand. 2. To examine the motivational level of the employees of Wild bean caf and its impact on the businesses. 3. To identify the zone on strategy clock in which the wild bean cafe lies. Answers: Wild bean caf is one of the brand of BP and being a leading brand the caf serves the coffee which is 100 % sustainable. It has an outlet on every BP petrol station and it serves 1200 service stations in UK. Wild bean caf is not an independently owned coffee house and is a franchise of BP and it provides a variety of foods ranging from coffee to sandwiches, burgers and snacks. Good quality of foods are available at reasonable price and provide great value of meal deal throughout the day (https://N.p., 2016. Web. 3 June 2016). After conducting a research on the wild bean caf, it has been posed with several questions: Wild bean not being an independently owned coffee house is exposed to several risks. The good coffee house is not which serves only good food, but the location, service and the products make it a good coffee house. The outlet of caf is located only in the petrol stations and this could limit the growth of the caf. So the independency of the caf is a question which could limits its growth. Since the Wild bean caf is not an independently owned firm, so the rights and decision taking authority rests with BP, so this could pose a threat to the growth and prosperity of caf ( Brooks et al., 2014). The offer made by wild bean caf is in association with BP and it could be withdrawn at any time without prior notification. This would leave the customer dissatisfied and there is also possibility of losing customer who has been attracted by this particular offer. Another research question came up with the wild bean caf is its location and the area if its presence. Since the caf has its outlet only in the BP petrol stations , that is its outlet is confined only to the petrol stations of BP. This would also limit the growth of Wild ban caf. The research has been conducted and a qualitative analysis of several factors which affects the caf performance has been done. Interviews and focus grouped discussion has been done in the informal environment (Goodrich, 2015) . The questions have been asked such as frequency of going to the caf, person visited the wild bean caf, reason of liking the caf, any other services which should be availed. To increase the satisfaction, willingness to spend more if extra service is provided, whether they want the outlet to be opened in some other areas , people who think that the current outlets is too far from their comfort. After conducting such grouped discussions, it was concluded that the two questions needs focus. Research Objectives The following are the research objectives of the study To evaluate the existing strengths and weaknesses of Wild bean caf in the context of the food and beverage industry of New Zealand To examine the motivational level of the employees of Wild bean caf and its impact on the businesses To identify the zone on strategy clock in which the wild bean cafe lies The above three research objectives have been chosen in order to assist the researcher to meet the research goals and objectives. In addition, to these objectives it helps to know about the potential of this cafe and its operating performance in the gas stations of BP. For, the evaluation of the first objective, the researcher will have to conduct an in-depth internal analysis. Since, it will help the researcher to identify the prime strength and weaknesses of Wild bean caf. For the evaluation of second objective, the researcher will have to assess the motivational level of the employees. In this study, the researcher will utilize Herzberg two-factor theory, as it will provide the caf an indication the kind of strategy the caf has to implement in order to motivate all the employees to give their best at the workplace. The Wild bean caf will utilize Hertzberg theory because it will allow the researcher to evaluate all the factors related to the motivational level of the employees. Furthermore, as Hertzberg divided the motivational factors of the employees in two different segments, it will help Wild bean caf to cover all the factors related to the motivational level of the employees. For the evaluation of the third objective, the researcher will focus on the third strategy clock of Wild bean caf. Figure 1: Strategy clock (Source: Goodrich 2015) Research Issues The below mentioned are the relevant research issues Time constraints - Limitation of time is one of the primary research issues. Gathering enough data within a fixed time was not possible. This shall hamper the research process in a considerable manner Limited resources - A restricted budget has an adverse influence on the research study. Thus, adequate resources were not offered for the purpose of the research study. Threat from competitors - The presence of substitute brands can pose a significant threat to the business sustainability of Wild Bean Cafe. Inflation - The rise in the prices of goods would have a negative impact on the annual sales revenue of Wild Bean Cafe. Thus, curtailing the prices of products sold to consumers remains a pertinent issue for the brand. Reference: Brooks, G., Heffner, A. and Henderson, D., 2014. competitive knowledge from social media for a small start-up business.The Review of Business Information Systems (Online),18(1), p.23. Goodrich, R., 2015. examples, templates definition.Business news daily.